Art History

Nature of the Subject

Art History is the study of the rich heritage of visual arts produced by human societies. This production, ranging from painting, sculpture, architecture, design, photography and applied arts, to costume and body art, has found expression in human cultures from the earliest times, and has been determined by a range of functions. The art historian is concerned with the formal appreciation of these works and the understanding of their meaning within the culture that produced them, as well as the relationships between one culture and another. Visual literacy is particularly relevant in an age when we have unprecedented access and exposure to images.

As part of the IB Diploma programme, Art History forms an option in group 3, individuals and societies. The discipline is fundamentally about how individuals and social groups have responded to and represented aspects of their world and experience, creating a visual response which is simultaneously that of the individual and their society. The works produced may have meaning for different sections of that society. Works are studied from a variety of approaches, which comprise the core curriculum of the syllabus.

Interpretations of the art of the past are constantly changing as new evidence comes to light in art historical research, as cultural values change, and as developments occur in contemporary art. The subject requires a critical analysis of documentary and theoretical sources. To some extent our view of the art of other cultures is necessarily conditioned by our own cultural attitudes, but by trying to understand how these works were originally intended, or how societies have viewed other cultures, those societies are brought closer to us and our own appreciation of the works is enhanced. At both school and university level, Art History has for many years been taught as a discrete subject, with its own history and critical literature. As part of the I.B. diploma programme, Art History is complementary to other areas of study. It is closely related to subjects in the Humanities and Arts fields. The Sciences play a major part in, for example, the field of conservation and restoration of artworks. As well as broadening the cultural horizons of students, the study of Art History has many applications in terms of careers, including museum and conservation work, the art market, architecture, picture research and the media, as well as tourism.

The Art History syllabus will provide students with a historical, social and cultural perspective on artistic production across and within particular societies, and they will develop considerable expertise in those areas. First-hand experience of artworks is desirable in the study of Art History, and extensive use will also be made of art historical learning, including documentary sources and art criticism, stimulating students to develop informed critical responses. Emphasis is placed on the development of analytical and discursive skills, both in writing and orally. Students will be required to research independently and in groups, make presentations in class, contribute to class discussion and submit written papers throughout the course.

The study of Art History can contribute immensely to our appreciation of our own culture and foster respect and understanding for other cultures. Many students go on to develop a lifelong interest in this fascinating discipline.