10 minutes with Geert Hofstede
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The extent to which people in societies value, or do not value, a in which everybody has a place and which needs no further justification.
The extent to which people value a . In the former, individuals are expected to take care of themselves and their immediate families. In a tightly-knit framework, individuals can expect their relatives or members of a particular ingroup to look after them in exchange for loyalty.
The extent to which a society is .
The extent to which the members of a society feel uncomfortable with . The fundamental issue here is how a society deals with the unknown future. A society high in uncertainty avoidance tries to control people’s behaviour through rigid codes of belief. It is also intolerant of unconventional ideas.
The extent to which a culture . This dimension is also referred to as Confucian Dynamism. Long-term cultures value traditions, the need to save and invest for the future and to persevere to achieve results. Societies with a short-term orientation do not show great respect for traditions and focus on achieving quick results.
This is a final dimension that was added in 2010. It expresses the attitude of a culture to the related to enjoying life and having fun. Restraint stands for a society that suppresses gratification of needs and regulates drives by means of strict social norms.