10. Commercial production
10. Commercial production
10.1 Just in time (JIT) and just in case (JIC)
Just in case (JIC)
Just in time (JIT)
10.2 Lean production
Characteristics of lean production
Principles of lean production
Value stream mapping
Workflow analysis
Product family
Role of the workforce
Kaizen
Lead time
The 5 Ss: sorting, stabilizing, shining, standardizing, sustaining the practice
The 7 wastes: overproduction, waiting, transporting, inappropriate processing, unnecessary inventory, unnecessary/excess motion, defects
10.3 Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM)
Elements of CIM: design, planning, purchasing, cost accounting, inventory control, distribution
CIM and scales of production
10.4 Quality management
Quality control (QC)
Statistical process control (SPC)
Quality assurance (QA)
10.5 Economic viability
Cost-effectiveness
Value for money
Costing versus pricing: fixed costs, variable costs, cost analysis, break-even
Pricing strategies: price-minus strategy, retail price, wholesale price, typical manufacturing price, target costs, return on investment, unit cost, sales volume, financial return
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